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1.
Ciênc. rural ; 46(10): 1729-1736, Oct. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-792551

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to determine the sample size needed to estimate the average of wild passion fruit ( Passiflora caerulea ) traits. It was collected randomly, 133, 99 and 133 fruit of wild passion fruit in 30, 21 and 29 plants, located respectively, in the cities of São Borja, Itaqui and Uruguaiana, on the west border of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, totaling 365 fruits harvested in 80 plants. In each fruit were measured ten traits: width, length, fruit, skin, and pulp weight, pulp yield, luminosity and tone of skin and pulp. Then, central tendency, dispersion and distribution measures were calculated and the normality of the data checked. After, it was determined the sample size needed to estimate the average for each character, assuming estimation errors equal to 1, 2, ..., 10% of the mean estimate with confidence levels of 95% and 99%. In wild passion fruit, 12 fruits are sufficient to estimate the mean of luminosity and tone of the skin and pulp, with an estimation error of 5% of the mean and 95% confidence, regardless of the evaluation location (São Borja, Itaqui or Uruguaiana). In this same level of accuracy 36 fruits are needed to estimate the width and length, 52 fruits to estimate the pulp yield and 319 fruits for the evaluation of the fruit, skin and pulp weight.


RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o tamanho de amostra necessário para a estimação da média de caracteres de frutos de maracujá-do-mato ( Passiflora caerulea ). Foram colhidos, aleatoriamente, 133, 99 e 133 frutos de maracujá-do-mato em 30, 21 e 29 plantas localizadas, respectivamente, nos municípios de São Borja, Itaqui e Uruguaiana, na fronteira oeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, totalizando 365 frutos colhidos em 80 plantas. Em cada fruto, foram mensurados dez caracteres: largura, comprimento, massa do fruto, da casca e da polpa, rendimento de polpa, luminosidade e tonalidade da casca e da polpa. A seguir, foram calculadas medidas de tendência central, de dispersão e de distribuição e verificada a normalidade dos dados. Posteriormente, foi determinado o tamanho de amostra necessário para a estimação da média de cada caractere, assumindo erros de estimação iguais a 1, 2, ..., 10% da estimativa da média com graus de confiança de 95% e 99%. Em maracujá-do-mato, 12 frutos são suficientes para a estimação da média de luminosidade e tonalidade da casca e da polpa, com erro de estimação de 5% da média e 95% de confiança, independentemente do local de avaliação (São Borja, Itaqui ou Uruguaiana). Nesse mesmo nível de precisão, são necessários 36 frutos para a estimação da largura e do comprimento, 52 frutos para a estimação da média de rendimento de polpa e 319 frutos para a avaliação das massas do fruto, da casca e da polpa.

2.
Acta sci., Biol. sci ; 36(3): 271-278, jul.-set. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-848691

ABSTRACT

The induction of nodular culture (NC) and the subsequent development of microshoots of V. reitzii are considered an in vitro propagation model-system with high regenerative performance. Current research analyzed the determinant factors of the in vitro morphogenesis control of bromeliads. Seeds excised from mature capsules were grown on medium MS basic (MSB), liquid or gelled, supplemented or not with α- naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 6-benzilaminopurine (BAP) or thidiazuron (TDZ). The regeneration and elongation of microshoots were evaluated from NC sub-cultivated on MSB medium on liquid culture medium supplemented with different concentrations of indolyl-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3). Plant growth regulators (PGR) supplemented into the medium MSB inhibited the germination of the seeds and induced NC in the second week of growth. The induced NC on MSB medium with NAA (4 µM) and sub-cultivated on MSB medium with NAA (2 µM) plus N6(2-isopentenyl) adenine (2-iP) (2 µM) showed granular texture and high rate of proliferation. NC sub-culture in MSB medium with IAA (4 µM) provided a higher average number of microshoots (1,478 shoots g-1 of NC). Shoots over 3.0 cm resulted in more than 95% ex vitro survival.


A indução de culturas nodulares (CNs) e subsequente desenvolvimento de microbrotos de V. reitzii configuraram-se em um sistema de alta performance regenerativa in vitro. No presente trabalho foram estudados os fatores determinantes do controle da morfogênese in vitro das CNs. Sementes excisadas de cápsulas maduras foram cultivadas em meio básico MS (MSB) líquido ou geleificado e suplementado ou não com ácido naftalenoacético (ANA), 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) ou thidiazuron (TDZ). A partir das CNs subcultivadas em meio MSB, foi avaliada a regeneração e o alongamento de microbrotos em meio de cultura líquido suplementado com diferentes concentrações de ácido indolil-3-acético (AIA) combinados com ácido giberélico (AG3). A suplementação de fitorreguladores ao meio MSB inibiram a germinação das sementes e promoveram a indução de CNs na segunda semana de cultivo. As CNs induzidas em meio MSB suplementado com ANA (4 µM) e subcultivadas em meio MSB suplementado com ANA (2 µM) mais N6(2-isopentenil) adenina (2-iP) (2 µM) apresentaram textura granular e alta taxa de proliferação. O cultivo destas CNs em meio MSB suplementado com AIA (4 µM) resultou no maior número médio de microbrotos (1.478 brotos g -1 de CN). Brotos maiores de 3,0 cm resultaram em mais de 95% de sobrevivência em ambiente ex vitro.


Subject(s)
Bromelia , Plant Shoots , Regeneration
3.
Genet. mol. biol ; 30(1): 73-79, 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-445686

ABSTRACT

The pineapple guava (Acca sellowiana), known in portuguese as the goiabeira-serrana or "Feijoa", is a native fruit tree from southern Brazil and northern Uruguay that has commercial potential due to the quality and unique flavor of its fruits. Knowledge of genetic variability is an important tool in various steps of a breeding program, which can be facilitated by the use of molecular markers. The conservation of repeated sequences among related species permits the transferability of microsatellite markers from Eucalyptus spp. to A. sellowiana for testing. We used primers developed for Eucalyptus to characterize A. sellowiana accessions. Out of 404 primers tested, 180 amplified visible products and 38 were polymorphic. A total of 48 alleles were detected with ten Eucalyptus primer pairs against DNA from 119 A. sellowiana accessions. The mean expected heterozygosity among accessions was 0.64 and the mean observed heterozygosity 0.55. A high level of genetic diversity was also observed in the dendrogram, where the degree of genetic dissimilarity ranged from 0 to 65 percent among the 119 genotypes tested. This study demonstrates the possibility of transferring microsatellite markers between species of different genera in addition to evaluating the extent of genetic variability among plant accessions.

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